Former U.S. Ambassador to Somalia Larry André Urges Caution on Somaliland Recognition

NAIROBI, Aug. 20, 2025 — Former U.S. envoy to Somalia, Larry André, warned that any swift U.S. recognition of Somaliland could destabilize the Horn of Africa and harm Washington’s regional relationships.

In a policy essay, André—who served in key diplomatic posts in Mogadishu, Djibouti, and Nairobi—emphasized the deep-rooted, clan-based, and political tensions underlying the Somaliland and Somalia dispute. He stressed that the absence of broad internal and regional consensus means a unilateral U.S. move could trigger protests or even military interference.

André outlined three U.S. policy options: maintain the status quo by retaining the embassy in Mogadishu; open a liaison office in Hargeisa to facilitate dialogue; or recognize Somaliland outright. He dismissed the third as potentially damaging to relations with Somalia, other Somali regions, and the African Union, and endorsed the middle path.

He also highlighted important demographic realities: while the Isaaq clan—comprising about two-thirds of Somaliland’s population—largely supports independence, other communities like the Dir and Darod favor federal unity within Somalia. He cited crackdowns in Las Anod as examples of Hargeisa’s tough treatment of dissent.

Drawing parallels to Eritrea and South Sudan, André noted that successful recognition usually follows negotiations with the parent state and African Union involvement. He advocated reviving talks between Mogadishu and Hargeisa—such as the 2020 Djibouti-mediated dialogue—or exploring flexible governance models, as seen in Tanzania or Canada.

André concluded that lasting stability and progress in Somalia and the wider Horn hinge on resolving Somaliland’s status and weakening Al-Shabaab’s hold on the country. He urged Washington to approach the issue deliberately and inclusively.

GAROWE ONLINE